Guía de química básica
Enviado por Jillian • 11 de Enero de 2018 • 3.842 Palabras (16 Páginas) • 458 Visitas
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[pic 14]
ms=
m=
5f3, X91 R:Pa91, Protactinio.
- n=4, l=1, m=0, ms= -1/2
l=1=p, 4p…… 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6, 4s2, 3d10, 4px
[pic 15]
=ms
m=
4p5, X35 R: Br35, Bromo.
- Demuestre el principio de exclusión de Pauli para el:
a) Berilio, Be4= 1s² 2s²
No. cuánticos | 1↑↓2 | 3↑↓4 |
| 1s² | 2s² |
n | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 |
l | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
m | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
s | ½ | -½ | ½ | -½ |
b) Aluminio, Al13= 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1
No cuánticos | 1↑↓2 | 3↑↓4 | 5↑↓8 | 6↑↓9 | 7↑↓10 | 11↑↓12 | 13↑↓16 | 14↑↓17 | 15↑↓18 |
| 1s2 | 2s2 | 2px | 2py | 2pz | 3s2 | 3px | 3py | 3pz |
n | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
l | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
m | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 |-1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
S | ½ | -½ | ½ |-½ | ½ |-½|½ |-½| ½ |-½| ½ | -½ | ½ | -½ | ½ | -½ | ½ | -½ |
c) Azufre, S16= 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4
No cuánticos | 1↑↓2 | 3↑↓4 | 5↑↓8 | 6↑↓9 | 7↑↓10 | 11↑↓12 | 13↑↓16 | 14↑↓17 | 15↑↓18 |
| 1s2 | 2s2 | 2px | 2py | 2pz | 3s2 | 3px | 3py | 3pz |
n | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
l | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
m | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -1| 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
S | ½ |-½| ½ |-½| ½ |-½|½ |-½ | ½ |-½| ½ | -½ | ½ | -½ | ½ | -½ | ½ |-½ |
d) Manganeso, Mn25= 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d5
No cuánticos | 1↑↓2 | 3↑↓4 | 5↑↓8 | 6↑↓9 | 7↑↓10 | 11↑↓12 | 13↑↓16 | 14↑↓17 | 15↑↓18 |19↑↓20 | 21↑↓26 |
| 1s2 | 2s2 | 2px | 2py | 2pz | 3s2 | 3px | 3py | 3pz | 4s | 3d1 |
n | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 |
l | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
m | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 |-1| 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | -2 | -2 |
S | ½ |-½|½|-½ | ½ |-½|½| -½ | ½ |-½ | ½ | -½ | ½ |-½ | ½ |-½ | ½ | -½ | ½ |-½| ½ | -½ |
| 22↑↓27| 23↑↓28 | 24↑↓29 | 25↑↓30 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 3d2 | 3d3 | 3 d4 | 3d5 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
n | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
l | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
m | -1 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
s | ½ | -½ | ½ | -½ | ½ | -½ | ½ | -½ | | | |
e) Zirconio, Zr40=1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d2
No cuánticos | 1↑↓2 | 3↑↓4 | 5↑↓8 | 6↑↓9 | 7↑↓10 | 11↑↓12 | 13↑↓16 | 14↑↓17 | 15↑↓18 | 19↑↓20 | 21↑↓26 |
| 1s2 | 2s2 | 2px | 2py | 2pz | 3s2 | 3px | 3py | 3pz | 4s | 3d1 |
n | 1| 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 |
l | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
m | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 |-1| 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | -2 | -2 |
S | ½|-½ | ½ |-½| ½ |-½| ½ | -½| ½ | -½ | ½ | -½ | ½ | -½ | ½ | -½ | ½ | -½ | ½ | -½ | ½ | -½ |
| 22↑↓27 | 23↑↓28 | 24↑↓29 | 25↑↓30 | 31↑↓34 | 32↑↓35 | 33↑↓36 | 37↑↓38 | 39↑↓ | 40↑ | |
| 3d2 | 3d3 | 3d4 | 3d5 | 4px | 4py | 4pz | 5s | 4d1 | 4d2 | 4d3 |
n | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
l | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
m | -1 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | -1 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | -2 |-2 |-1 | -1| 0 | 0 |
s | ½ | -½ | ½ | -½ | ½ | -½ | ½ | -½ | ½ | -½ | ½ | -½ | ½ | -½ | ½ | -½ | ½ |-½| ½| -½|½| -½ |
- Escriba por las tres configuraciones en niveles, subniveles y orbitales empleando el diagrama energético.
- Galio31
Galio31: 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6, 4s2, 3d10, 4p1
Galio31:
| ↑↓ | ↑↓ | ↑↓ | ↑↓ | ↑↓ | ↑↓ | ↑↓| ↑↓| ↑↓ | ↑↓| ↑↓ | ↑↓| ↑↓ |↑↓ | ↑↓|↑ | | |
| 1s2 | 2s2 |2px |2py| 2pz|3s2|3px|3py|3pz| 4s |3d1|3d2|3d3|3d4|3d5|4px|4py|4pz |
Galio31 : [ Ar18 ] 4s2, 3d10, 4p1
| ↑↓| ↑↓ | ↑↓| ↑↓ |↑↓ | ↑↓|↑ | | |
| 4s |3d1|3d2|3d3|3d4|3d5|4px|4py |4pz |
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