Inserción de recicladores en la gestión de residuos sólidos municipales - Perú

...

In order to achieve these objectives a comparative analysis of the economic, social and environmental impacts was carried out between informal sorters of Villa María del Triunfo and Villa El Salvador districts, and the legal sorters included within the municipal district of Villa El Salvador management. The study techniques used were quantitative (surveys, value scale of Likert and statistical tests) and qualitative (direct observation of the sorters work performance).

The conclusion of the Likert analysis and the statistical tests was that there was a significant difference between the informal and legal sorters, in social, economic and environmental aspects. The legal sorters are closer to achieving the ideal working conditions for a recycler included in a selective recovery municipal programme.

Within the economic impacts it was established that the legal sorter income is approximately twice the income of an informal sorter. In addition this activity generates a small positive impact on the municipal financial management, in this way the municipality has saved in four years S/35.554,84 on transport and final waste disposals (with the Bono Verde programme).

Within the social impacts it was established that the legal sorters have a better self-esteem and a more positive life perception than the informal sorters. In addition the legalized sorters have said they have the municipality, and the neighbour and family acceptance, in contrast to the informal sorters.

Within the environmental impacts it was established that in four years of setting up the legalization programme, it has been possible to reinsert into the productive cycle 112,71 tonnes of paper, 93,93 tonnes of glass, 70,44 tonnes of plastic bottles, 7 tonnes of aluminium, among other products. 225,42 m3 of landfill has been prevented and 1.916 trees saved from being logged.

It is recommended to continue with the national trend of sorter legalization, taking into account the previous successful experiences and replicate them.

Key words: legal sorters, informal sorters, solid waste, recycling, municipal management, economic impacts, social impacts, environmental impacts.