DISEÑO Y ANALISIS BASICO DE LA CERCHA Y ARCO DE UN PUENTE VEHICULAR

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- APPLICATIONS PHYSICAL AND GEOMETRY

The forces exerted on the trusses that help support the bridge deck were determined. Figure 7:

Fig 7. Truss Segment

[pic 40]

4.1 Calculation of the Force on the Truss

To determine the weight exerted on the truss, the volume board, as this will be made in concrete which has a density of 600Kg / m3 was calculated, then we have:

[pic 41]

[pic 42]

Density concrete= 600[pic 43]

Mass= [pic 44]

Mass= 72.000

[pic 45]

[pic 46]

[pic 47]

The weight (W) is divided into 4 to calculate the weight exerted on each column of the truss

[pic 48]

In the section of the truss the forces exerted on it and the unknowns we can represent the following diagrams. Figure 8:

Fig. 8 Section truss, forces and unknowns

[pic 49]

[pic 50]

4.2 Calculation of reactions in the truss

[pic 51]

[pic 52]

[pic 53]

[pic 54]

[pic 55]

[pic 56]

[pic 57]

[pic 58]

[pic 59]

[pic 60]

[pic 61]

[pic 62]

[pic 63]

Calculation of nodes:

Node a:

[pic 64]

[pic 65]

[pic 66]

[pic 67]

[pic 68]

[pic 69]

[pic 70]

[pic 71]

[pic 72]

- [pic 73]

- [pic 74]

Node b:

[pic 75]

[pic 76]

[pic 77]

[pic 78]

[pic 79]

[pic 80]

[pic 81]

- [pic 82]

- [pic 83]

Node c:

[pic 84]

[pic 85]

[pic 86]

[pic 87]

[pic 88]

[pic 89]

[pic 90]

- [pic 91]

- [pic 92]

Node d:

[pic 93]

[pic 94]

[pic 95]

[pic 96]

The fence is established solved as follows:

[pic 97]

Where: N ab = -332.62; N ac = 411.59; bd = -411.59 N; BC = 58.79 N; CD = 83.1 N; EF = 352.82 N; DF = -332.56N

Since a section of the truss was chosen, you can set for the remaining sections will get the same forces as they are are geometrically similar; thus all the forces that are supporting the truss to support the platform is established, the importance of finding these forces for the design of a truss and materials which will be made is highlighted.

- CONCLUSIONS

- AutoCAD software enables us to design drawings of houses, buildings, industrial buildings, among others, has extensive editing capabilities so it is an essential tool for any Engineer, omentum to develop plans and geometrical and geographical analysis in our professional environment.

- The arc length was 555 and the area under the curve was described 678, these data are important for analyzing the costs of materials and establish arch bridge light the bridge to fit the stretch of river that saves.

- The method of joints is of great importance in determining the forces exerted on the nodes of a truss segments, and establish the dimensions or maximum forces that can withstand a certain truss.

- In order to properly understand the structural behavior of such bridges sufficient knowledge of the different resistant elements involved in it, as well as the physical and mathematical theoretical basis it is necessary.

6. REFERENCES

- DEMCHENKO, Y. sistemas de Construcción de Puentes en arco. Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos. Facultad de Ingeniería. Programa Ingeniería Civil. 2001, 12p.

- JOQUERA, Estudio del Comportamiento Resistente de los Puentes en Arco Espaciales. Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos. Facultad de Ingeniería. 2007, 33p.

- PUENTES. Escuela Politécnica Superior de Ávila. Ingeniería Técnica de Topografía. Ingeniería Civil. 192p.

- Análisis de cerchas Método de las uniones. Seminario de Modelación Matemática en Arquitectura. Disponible en: http://laboratoriomatematicas.uniandes.edu.co