Transitive and intransitive phrasal verbs.

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review of verb patterns

Verb + gerund

Unfortunately in English there are some things that you just have to learn. Verb patterns are one of them. Some verbs are followed by the gerund (-ing form).consider: "You should consider visiting Cape Town during the World Cup."

stop : "Stop touching it, you are making it dirty."

Verb + infinitive

Some verbs are followed by the infinitive (to + verb).appear: "It appears to have stopped raining." want: "I have always wanted to learn English in Cape Town."

In the following sentences, do we need the gerund or the infinitive?

Today's lesson is by Caroline Devane, teacher at EC Cape Town English school

Link: Choose the correct verb forms

Link: Use the correct word in the sentence

- 1 - I want ___ an ice-cream.

Correct!

[pic 39]to buy[pic 40]buying

- 2 - I'm considering ___ my job.

Correct!

[pic 41]leaving[pic 42]to leave

- 3. I promised ___ David to the cinema on Saturday.

Wrong!

[pic 43]taking[pic 44]to take

- 4. I'm so proud of myself, I’ve stopped ___.

Wrong!

[pic 45]to smoke[pic 46]smoking

- 5. Do you mind ___ me your pencil?

Wrong!

[pic 47]to lend [pic 48]lending

- 6. He makes me nervous, I noticed him ___ me.

Correct!

[pic 49]watching[pic 50]to watch

- 7. I asked him ___ on a date with me!

Wrong!

[pic 51]going[pic 52]to go

- 8. The house appears ___ perfect.

Correct!

[pic 53]to be[pic 54]being

- 9. She reminded me not ___ the bus during the night.

Wrong!

[pic 55]using [pic 56]to use

- 10. I heard him ___ in the shower.

Correct!

[pic 57]singing[pic 58]to sing

CLEFT SENTENCES WITH 'WHAT'

what + clause + be + noun phrase

Example 1: What I love about Paris is the architecture.

Example 2: What I dislike about working late is getting home late.

To understand how cleft sentences give emphasis, let's look at a sentence with and without them.

Sentence 1: I'm here to talk about a promotion.

And now look at the same sentence but as a CLEFT SENTENCE.

Sentence 2: The reason I am here is to talk about a promotion.

In our second sentence, we emphasise the noun phrase THE REASON.

Let's look at another.

Sentence 3: I like her positive attitude more than anything.

Sentence 4: What I like most about her is her positive attitude.

We can also invert cleft sentences.

Sentence 5: Her positive attitude is what I like most about her.

http://www.ziggurat.es/es/lecciones_ingles/index.asp?id=2764

Wh-Cleft Sentences WH-Clause + BE + EMPHASISED WORD/PHRASE Use WHAT as the subject of the sentence when you want to emphasize information. e.g. A person’s smile is really important to me. What’s really important to me is a person’s smile.

3. Wh-Cleft Sentences WH-Clause + BE + EMPHASISED WORD/PHRASE Use cleft sentences with verbs other than be by inserting what at the beginning of the sentence and a form of be after the main verb. e.g. I always notice a person's hands. What I always notice is a person’s hands. MV

http://es.slideshare.net/janaciobanu/wh-cleft-sentences

Rewrite the sentences, making them more emphatic.

1

. I was most unhappy with the service.- ….

What

………………………………………………………………

(to be unhappy with)

2

. I can’t stand the noise.- ….

It’s

…………………………………………………………………

…. (the noise)

3

. John didn’t pay for the wedding ring, Sarah did.- ….

It

……………………………………………………………………

…. (Jonh)- ….

It

……………………………………………………………………

…. (Sarah)

4

. He’s always late. It really annoys me.- ….

What

………………………………………………………………