CLIMATE CHANGE

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- CONSEQUENCES OF CLIMATE CHANGE.

The consequences and effects of climate change are evident for any of us whether natural causes or human causes.

The rising sea level is produced when the temperature of the surface is heated and melting of the glaciers or the melting of the polar ice caps occurs. In this way, the amount of water increases by causing the seas to increase their water level by endangering cities located below sea level and endangering various species of animals.

Heat waves is another important consequence. They are becoming more common and the reason for these are the greenhouse gases trapped inside the atmosphere. The experts say they will continue to increase progressively in the coming years causing numerous fires.

Example. In the Community of Galicia (Spain) every summer there are alerts of numerous fires caused by extreme temperature rises (heat waves) and, every year, many acres of forest and mountains burn.

Great storms. Rising sea temperatures make storms more intense and more common.

Drought. The planet is warming and decreasing fresh water. This produces consequences such as desertification, poor conditions for agriculture and disruptions in world food production.

Extinction species. Desertification, deforestation and the melting of the sea are endangering species that contribute to extinction.

Diseases. This arises when there is a change in habitat as it favors the appearance of pests or species that are carriers of diseases. In addition, this not only arises in underdeveloped countries, for example, asthma is in a continuous growth worldwide.

Disappearance of glaciers. They are shrinking at a very fast rate.

Wars. Produced by gaining control of natural resources which are diminishing every day.

Economic instability. Natural disasters involve very high costs that the country's own economy has to assume. On the other hand, the costs of energy and food increase progressively causing economic tensions to control existing raw materials.

Destruction of ecosystems. Greenhouse gases, apart from bringing about changes in the atmosphere, also affect the supply of basic needs, such as water, purified air or farming. Living beings move to other habitats in search of the elements they lack to survive, causing more competition among living beings to obtain the few existing resources.

According to the IPCC, the changes or consequences in the different regions will be different.

First, in Africa it is very likely that between 80 and 250 million people will suffer a certain increase in water stress. Agricultural production will also be significantly affected, as will access to food.

In Asia, melting is expected to cause numerous avalanches and floods. Considerable reduction of fresh water is expected. Coastal cities will be greatly affected.

In the Latin American zone, tropical forests will be replaced by savannahs due to the increase in temperature and the decrease of water located in the soil. Crops will also be affected, resulting in a decrease in productivity.

- CURRENT SITUATION.

The latest news on the latest forecast is that climate change is progressing much faster than anticipated. The effects of climate change and global warming are manifesting faster than professionals predicted, and the measures that are needed are not being taken, they are leaving more side of what should be causing us to arrive to a situation in which any measure that is applied is too late.

The latest report from Air quality in Europe shows that in the last few years, 2014 and 2015, around 85% of the EU population is exposed to particles that are harmful to health and could cause or accelerate serious diseases. In addition, these reports present new estimates assuring that air pollutants are increasingly harmful.

In relation to these reports, the European Commission is committed to achieving improvements in air quality and to investing in the reduction of fossil fuels progressively. In this way, they will bet to keep the united governments to give solutions jointly in each country.

In December 2015, the first binding global agreement on climate was signed in 195 countries, this agreement is known as the Paris Conference on Climate (COP21). In this agreement, there are certain main points. The first is the agreement to reduce emissions. That there is transparency and global balance; Governments agreed to keep themselves informed and, at some time, to base more ambitious targets on the basis of scientific data. In addition to evaluating and reporting progress with transparency. On the other hand, the Governments also agreed to offer a reinforcement in order to deal with the consequences of climate change. Finally, the EU and the developed countries agreed to continue supporting this climate action.

After this, countries are expected to live up to their word and start with more stringent measures to combat the consequences of climate change.

To climatic change must be added the population growth, the accelerated urbanization that is present, apart from the increase in consumption that grows progressively. This whole set of events is creating a serious shortage of water worldwide. Therefore, a joint action is necessary since one variable affects the others.

- PROTOCOLS AND CLIMATE AGREEMENTS.

The European Union and its member countries have increasingly participated and participated in efforts against climate change in agreements with the United Nations.

Because the change is global, the solutions should also be. This is because the change occurs all over the planet Earth, not only in developed countries. And, even though a comprehensive agreement is very difficult, each country should collaborate to the extent it can.

First, in 1992 the main treaty against climate change emerged, the United Nations Convention on Climate Change, whose objective was to prevent dangerous actions of the human being on the climate. 197 member countries.

The Kyoto Protocol, as I have already mentioned, was launched in 1997 with the aim of reducing emissions of gases. At present, it is the only existing global agreement that has legal validity. 192 Parties are part of this agreement, but their problem is that major polluting countries, such as the United States,